The primary aim of this paper is the derivation and the proof of a simple and tractable formula for the stray field energy in micromagnetic problems. The formula is based on an expansion in terms of Arar-Boulmezaoud functions. It remains valid even if the magnetization is not of constant magnitude or if the sample is not geometrically bounded. The paper continuous with a direct and important application which consists in a fast summation technique of the stray field energy. The convergence of this technique is established and its efficiency is proved by various numerical experiences.