Delineating phenotypes of Kawasaki disease and SARS-CoV-2-related inflammatory multisystem syndrome: a French study and literature review - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Rheumatology Année : 2021

Delineating phenotypes of Kawasaki disease and SARS-CoV-2-related inflammatory multisystem syndrome: a French study and literature review

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Abstract Objective To better define the clinical distinctions between the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) and Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods We compared three groups of patients: group 1, cases from our national historic KD database (KD-HIS), before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; group 2, patients with KD admitted to an intensive care unit (KD-ICU) from both our original cohort and the literature, before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; and group 3, patients with PIMS from the literature. Results KD-HIS included 425 patients [male:female ratio 1.3, mean age 2.8 years (s.d. 2.4)], KD-ICU 176 patients [male:female ratio 1.3, mean age 3.5 years (s.d. 3.1)] and PIMS 404 patients [male:female ratio 1.4, mean age 8.8 years (s.d. 3.7)]. As compared with KD-HIS patients, KD-ICU and PIMS patients had a higher proportion of cardiac failure, digestive and neurological signs. KD-ICU and PIMS patients also had a lower frequency of typical KD-mucocutaneous signs, lower platelet count, higher CRP and lower sodium level. As compared with KD-HIS and KD-ICU patients, PIMS patients were older and more frequently had myocarditis; they also had fewer coronary abnormalities and lower sodium levels. Unresponsiveness to IVIG was more frequent in KD-ICU than KD-HIS and PIMS patients. Conclusion On clinical grounds, KD-HIS, KD-ICU and PIMS might belong to a common spectrum of non-specific pathogen-triggered hyperinflammatory states. The causes of increasing inflammation severity within the three entities and the different effects on the heart remain to be determined.

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hal-04535285 , version 1 (06-04-2024)

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Bilade Cherqaoui, Isabelle Koné-Paut, Hélène Yager, Fleur Le Bourgeois, Maryam Piram. Delineating phenotypes of Kawasaki disease and SARS-CoV-2-related inflammatory multisystem syndrome: a French study and literature review. Rheumatology, 2021, 60 (10), pp.4530-4537. ⟨10.1093/rheumatology/keab026⟩. ⟨hal-04535285⟩
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