A comparison of safety and outcomes with cefazolin versus nafcillin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection Année : 2020

A comparison of safety and outcomes with cefazolin versus nafcillin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections

Matthew Miller
  • Fonction : Auteur
Douglas Fish
  • Fonction : Auteur
Gerard Barber
  • Fonction : Auteur
Michelle Barron
  • Fonction : Auteur
Tiffany Goolsby
Scott Mueller

Résumé

Background Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) is a frequent cause of bloodstream infections (BSI). Treatment with nafcillin (NAF) has been preferred to cefazolin (CFZ). However, comparable outcomes have been found with CFZ with possibly lower risk for side-effects. This study compared safety and effectiveness of NAF versus CFZ for MSSA BSI. Methods This single center retrospective study evaluated adults admitted with MSSA BSI who received NAF or CFZ. Patients receiving ≥24 h of antibiotics were included for safety analyses. Patients receiving NAF or CFZ for ≥75% of a 14 day minimum treatment course were assessed for clinical effectiveness. The primary safety outcome was incidence of renal toxicity with multiple secondary safety endpoints. Clinical success was defined as symptom resolution, repeat negative cultures, lack of additional therapy for presumed failure, and lack of recurrence within 30 days. Results A total of 130 patients receiving NAF (n = 79) or CFZ (n = 51) were included for safety analysis. Of those, 90 met criteria for effectiveness assessment (NAF n = 40, CFZ n = 50). Baseline characteristics were well matched. NAF was associated with a higher incidence of nephrotoxicity compared to CFZ (25% vs. 2%, RR 1.31, 95% CI 1.15–1.5, p < 0.001), allergic reactions (p = 0.01) and a trend for hepatotoxicity (p = 0.08). Clinical success was achieved in 82% NAF and 94% CFZ treated patients (p = 0.1). Conclusion CFZ was associated with less nephrotoxicity and no difference in clinical success compared to NAF for MSSA BSI. A prospective study comparing NAF to CFZ for MSSA BSI should be conducted to elucidate differences in therapies.

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hal-04552265 , version 1 (19-04-2024)

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Matthew Miller, Douglas Fish, Gerard Barber, Michelle Barron, Tiffany Goolsby, et al.. A comparison of safety and outcomes with cefazolin versus nafcillin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 2020, 53 (2), pp.321-327. ⟨10.1016/j.jmii.2018.07.006⟩. ⟨hal-04552265⟩
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